Male vs. Female Brain Differences How They Arise From Genes & Hormones | Dr. Nirao Shah

<p>My guest is <a href="https://med.stanford.edu/nirao/about.html">Dr. Nirao Shah, MD, PhD</a>, a professor of psychiatry, behavioral sciences and neurobiology at Stanford University School of Medicine. We discuss how the brains of males and females differ and how those differences arise from different genes and hormones during fetal development, in childhood and adulthood. We discuss what drives male- versus female-specific behaviors and how hormonal fluctuations across the lifespan, including puberty, the menstrual cycle, menopause and aging – affect behavior, cognition and health. Additionally, we discuss how biology relates to gender identity and the impact of hormone therapies on brain circuits that regulate mating, parenting and social bonding.  </p>
<p>Read the episode show notes at <a href="https://www.hubermanlab.com/episode/male-vs-female-brain-differences-how-they-arise-from-genes-hormones-dr-nirao-shah">hubermanlab.com</a>.</p>
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<p><strong>Timestamps</strong></p>
<p>00:00:00 Nirao Shah</p>
<p>00:02:11 Mice, Humans &amp; Brain, Biological Conservation</p>
<p>00:05:25 Hormones, Nature vs Nurture</p>
<p>00:07:13 Biological Sex Differences, Chromosomes &amp; SRY Gene, Hormones </p>
<p>00:16:01 Sponsors: Maui Nui &amp; Eight Sleep</p>
<p>00:19:09 Androgen Mutations, Feminization &amp; Masculinization </p>
<p>00:22:04 SRY Gene; Animals &amp; Sexual Trans-Differentiation</p>
<p>00:27:49 Hormones &amp; Biological Brain Differentiation </p>
<p>00:31:22 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Androstenedione; Stress &amp; Pregnancy</p>
<p>00:35:56 Genes, Brain Differentiation &amp; Sexual Identity; Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia</p>
<p>00:43:37 Testosterone, Estrogen &amp; Brain Circuits</p>
<p>00:47:27 Sponsors: AG1 &amp; LMNT</p>
<p>00:50:36 Intersex Individuals, Castration</p>
<p>00:52:23 Female Sexual Behavior, Brain, Testosterone &amp; Pheromones</p>
<p>00:57:58 Identify as Heterosexual or Homosexual, Difference in Hormone Levels?</p>
<p>01:00:42 Gender, Sexual Orientation &amp; Hormones; Hormone Replacement Therapy</p>
<p>01:10:21 Aromatization; Steroid Hormones &amp; Gene Expression</p>
<p>01:15:00 Kids &amp; Changing Gender Identity</p>
<p>01:19:05 Sexual Behavior, Refractory Period &amp; Male Brain, Tacr1 Cells</p>
<p>01:21:31 Sponsor: Function</p>
<p>01:23:19 Hypothalamus, Dopamine, Prolactin, Cabergoline, Libido, Dopamine</p>
<p>01:27:05 Brain Circuits, Aggression &amp; Sexual Behavior</p>
<p>01:32:40 Refractory Period; Age, Testosterone &amp; Libido</p>
<p>01:36:07 Tacr1 Cells in Females, Periaqueductal Gray &amp; Innate Behaviors</p>
<p>01:40:00 Parenting Behaviors &amp; Brain Circuits; Pet Dogs</p>
<p>01:43:12 Oxytocin, Pair Bonding, Vasopressin; Biological Redundancy </p>
<p>01:47:22 Libido, Melanocortin, Tacr1 Neurons; GLP-1 Agonists, Clinical Trials; Kisspeptin</p>
<p>01:56:43 Female Brain Changes, Menstrual Cycle, Pregnancy, Menopause; Estrogen; Men &amp; Hormone Fluctuation?</p>
<p>02:04:10 Life Experience Male vs Female, Sex Recognition, Behaviors &amp; Context</p>
<p>02:16:05 Pain Management; Endocrine Disrupters, Gender Identity</p>
<p>02:21:03 Future Projects</p>
<p>02:24:29 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify &amp; Apple Follow &amp; Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter</p>
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